The Meaning of M

Image Analysis Undertaking

By Asilata Bapat and Zach Abel

Answer: CELESTIAL MECHANICS

The title and flavourtext hint at IAU (international astronomical union) and stars. Each image points to a constellation, and they can be identified as follows.

Libra Cygnus Auriga
Ophiuchus Bootes Scorpius
Canis Major Virgo Ursa Minor

Each of the graphs is isomorphic to one of the constellations above, according to this website. The red dot is the brightest star in each of the constellations. The stars are as follows.

ANTARES (Scorpius) ARCTURUS (Bootes) CAPELLA (Auriga)
DENEB (Cygnus) SPICA (Virgo) POLARIS (Ursa Minor)
RASALHAGUE (Ophiuchus) SIRIUS (Canis Major) ZUBENESCHEMALI (Libra)

Arranging the graphs in the orders of the constellations above, the '1' letters spell CELESTIAL, and the '2' letters spell MECHANICS. The answer is CELESTIAL MECHANICS.